HTML - Hypertext Markup Language
HTML is the standard markup language for creating web pages and web applications. It provides a means to structure content on the web using a system of tags and attributes.
Key Features of HTML:
- Markup Language: HTML uses tags to define elements such as headings, paragraphs, lists, links, images, forms, and more.
- Structure and Semantics: HTML provides a semantic structure for content, aiding accessibility, SEO, and usability.
- Platform Independence: Web pages written in HTML can be accessed on any device with a web browser, regardless of the operating system.
- Integration with Other Technologies: HTML works seamlessly with CSS for styling and JavaScript for interactive functionality.
- Extensible and Customizable: HTML supports extensions and can be customized with attributes and data attributes.
- Progressive Enhancement: HTML supports progressive enhancement, allowing basic content to be accessible to all users and enhanced features for capable browsers.
Key Topics in HTML:
- Basic Structure: HTML document structure, including the <!DOCTYPE> declaration, <html>, <head>, and <body> tags.
- Text and Formatting: Using tags like <p>, <h1>-<h6>, <em>, <strong>, <br>, <hr>, and more for text and formatting.
- Links and Images: Creating hyperlinks with <a> tags and embedding images with <img> tags.
- Lists: Creating ordered (<ol>) and unordered (<ul>) lists, and definition lists (<dl>).
- Tables: Creating tables using <table>, <tr>, <th>, and <td> tags for displaying data.
- Forms: Building forms using <form>, <input>, <textarea>, <select>, and <button> tags for user input.
- Metadata and Linking: Using <meta> tags for metadata, and <link> and <script> tags for linking stylesheets and scripts.
- Embedded Content: Embedding multimedia content such as videos and audio using <iframe>, <audio>, and <video> tags.
- HTML5 Semantic Elements: Using <header>, <footer>, <nav>, <article>, <section>, and <aside> tags for semantic structuring.
- Accessibility: Ensuring accessibility using ARIA attributes and semantic HTML for screen readers and assistive technologies.
Prompts for HTML:
Basic Structure and Text:
- Create a basic HTML document structure with headings, paragraphs, and a list.
- Embed an image and create a hyperlink to an external website.
Forms and Tables:
- Build a simple contact form with fields for name, email, and message.
- Create a table to display student grades with appropriate headings and data rows.
Links and Multimedia:
- Create a navigation bar using HTML links to different sections of a web page.
- Embed a YouTube video and set it to autoplay and loop using HTML attributes.
HTML5 Semantic Elements:
- Use <header> and <footer> tags to structure the top and bottom sections of a webpage.
- Implement an <article> with sections for news content, including headings and paragraphs.
- Create a navigation menu using <nav> with links to different sections of a webpage.
Accessibility:
- Add ARIA roles and attributes to a form to enhance accessibility for users with disabilities.
- Ensure all images on a webpage have appropriate alt attributes for screen readers.
Embedded Content:
- Embed a Google Map using an <iframe> and set it to display a specific location.
- Include an audio player using the <audio> tag with controls for playback.
Advanced Topics
- Use HTML data attributes to store custom data associated with elements on a webpage.
- Implement lazy loading for images using HTML attributes to improve page load performance.
Responsive Design
- Create a responsive layout using HTML and CSS that adjusts based on screen size.
- Implement media queries in HTML to apply different styles for different screen resolutions.
Further Reading:
Explore advanced HTML topics such as:
- Web Components: Creating reusable custom elements using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
- HTML APIs: Using HTML5 APIs like Geolocation, Web Storage, Web Workers, and more for enhanced web applications.